Electoral Observatory

Data

Open data, full precinct bundle

Every figure on the observatory is free to explore, cite and download. The polling-unit tables behind them — the complete parquet bundle with locations and crosswalks — are available through a one-time membership.

Open

Explorers and election files

Free · no key required

  • Every country explorer, map and chart
  • One JSON per election: every candidate, every unit, every level
  • Country catalogues and the index as served with the site
  • Methodology and replication code
Download the index (JSON)

Membership

Precinct bundle

$100 · one-time, perpetual access

  • Complete data_output/ parquet tables: votes and locations per polling unit
  • Curated province, district and NUTS crosswalks
  • The exact build that produced the observatory
  • The DuckDB database: every candidacy and every unit result, joinable in SQL
  • Research and visualisation use; redistribution follows each authority's licence
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Files

Country index
countries.json — one row per country with every election summarised (office, date, winner, runner-up, geography).
Download
Election files
data/elections/<country>/<election>.json — all candidates with party and coalition, and the votes of every candidate in every unit at every level.
Download
Candidate index
candidates.json — every candidate with a profile: id, country, party, years contested and best result, as rows rather than objects.
Download
Candidate profiles
data/candidates/<id>.json — one person, every candidacy: votes, share and rank in each election, their share in every region, and who they ran against.
Download
World geometry
geo/world.json — Natural Earth land in lon/lat rings with ISO codes, as drawn on the front page.
Download
Relational database
observatory.duckdb — the whole observatory as six DuckDB tables (country, election, candidate, candidacy, unit, unit_result), which is what the candidate profiles are queried out of.
Members · $100
Precinct parquet bundle
data_output/ — polling-unit votes and locations for every election in the observatory.
Members · $100
Crosswalks and build
Curated region tables, build.py and build_geo.py as run for this release.
Members · $100

Per-country catalogues

Each catalogue is a single JSON file listing every election of the country with its national result; each election has its own file with the full detail.

CountryElectionsSource authorityCatalogue
Argentina6 · 2015–2025Dirección Nacional Electoral (DINE)JSON
Australia7 · 2007–2025Australian Electoral CommissionJSON
Belgium5 · 2007–2024SPF Intérieur — official election resultsJSON
Bolivia3 · 2020–2025Órgano Electoral Plurinacional (OEP)JSON
Brazil3 · 2018–2022Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE)JSON
Canada3 · 2015–2021Elections CanadaJSON
Chile50 · 1958–2025Servicio Electoral de Chile (SERVEL)JSON
Colombia2 · 2022–2022Registraduría Nacional del Estado CivilJSON
Czechia7 · 2002–2025Czech Statistical Office (volby.cz)JSON
Denmark6 · 2007–2026Danmarks StatistikJSON
Egypt3 · 2012–2014National Election Authority / Supreme Presidential Electoral CommissionJSON
El Salvador2 · 2019–2024Tribunal Supremo Electoral (TSE)JSON
Estonia3 · 2015–2024Estonian National Electoral CommitteeJSON
Finland7 · 1999–2023Statistics Finland (Tilastokeskus)JSON
France57 · 1999–2026Ministère de l'Intérieur (data.gouv.fr)JSON
Germany2 · 2021–2025Bundeswahlleiterin (Federal Returning Officer)JSON
Ghana2 · 2020–2024Electoral Commission of GhanaJSON
India3 · 2009–2024Election Commission of India (ECI)JSON
Indonesia3 · 2014–2024Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU)JSON
Iran2 · 2024–2024Ministry of Interior (published returns)JSON
Italy48 · 1948–2024Ministero dell'Interno — Archivio storico / Eligendo open dataJSON
Japan4 · 2021–2024Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC)JSON
Kenya2 · 2017–2022Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC)JSON
Mexico1 · 2018–2018Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE)JSON
Netherlands9 · 2002–2025KiesraadJSON
New Zealand1 · 2023–2023Electoral CommissionJSON
Nigeria3 · 2015–2023Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC)JSON
Norway6 · 2005–2025Statistisk sentralbyrå (SSB)JSON
Paraguay1 · 2023–2023Tribunal Superior de Justicia Electoral (TSJE)JSON
Peru2 · 2021–2021Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales (ONPE)JSON
Romania2 · 2009–2009Autoritatea Electorală Permanentă (AEP)JSON
Russia2 · 2018–2024Central Election Commission (CEC)JSON
South Africa2 · 2019–2024Electoral Commission of South Africa (IEC)JSON
South Korea4 · 2012–2025National Election Commission (NEC)JSON
Spain20 · 2000–2019Ministerio del InteriorJSON
Sweden6 · 2002–2022Statistiska centralbyrån (SCB)JSON
Switzerland5 · 2007–2023Federal Statistical Office (BFS)JSON
Taiwan8 · 1996–2024Central Election Commission (CEC)JSON
Tunisia1 · 2024–2024Independent High Authority for Elections (ISIE)JSON
Ukraine3 · 2014–2019Central Election Commission (CEC)JSON
United Kingdom5 · 2010–2024House of CommonsJSON
United States7 · 2000–2024MIT Election Data + Science LabJSON

Licence

Code is MIT. Election results are reproduced as published by each electoral authority and remain under their terms; the verified download manifest for every pipeline is in Pipelines/DATA_SOURCES.md. When you use the observatory, cite the authority named on the figure together with the observatory (see citation).